If one screen is good, then more screens are better – right? Not so fast! While we might like the idea of taking in as much information as possible, and getting multiple things done at the same time, our brains just don’t work that way. In fact, multitasking can lead to added challenges and problems in the long term – especially for children and teens.
What is media multitasking?
Media multitasking refers to engaging in multiple media activities simultaneously, or consistently switching between different media platforms or apps. This can involve tasks such as:
- texting while watching television
- browsing the internet while listening to music
- playing video games while checking social media
In today’s technologically advanced world, where devices and media are all around us, this kind of media or screen multitasking has become increasingly common among children and teenagers. Research conducted in recent years indicates that children and teens are highly engaged in media multitasking.
A 2019 survey by Common Sense Media found that among 8- to 18-year-olds, the average daily media usage time was over seven hours. Around 40% of this time was spent engaging in multiple media activities concurrently. This high prevalence of media multitasking is something important to pay attention to, as it can have concerning consequences for young people.
Why is media multitasking a problem?
While media multitasking may seem like a convenient way to stay connected and entertained, it can have several negative consequences for children and teenagers. One of the primary concerns is the potential adverse effects on cognitive functioning and the ability to focus and attend.
Research indicates that media multitasking can lead to a decline in performance on tasks that require focused attention. Constantly switching between media activities can overload the brain, making it challenging to filter out irrelevant information and maintain concentration. This can impair learning, memory, and academic performance in children and teens. While it may not seem like a big deal at the time, this type of multiscreening essentially trains the brain to not focus on anything for longer periods of time.
This leads to obvious challenges in the classroom and anywhere else sustained attention and thinking are required.
We also know that there can be a link between media multitasking and increased symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescents. The constant exposure to multiple stimuli, and the pressure to keep up with various media platforms, can contribute to heightened stress levels and negative emotional wellbeing.
How does media multitasking impact the brains of children and teens?
As with many things, a child’s developing brain is particularly susceptible to the effects of media multitasking. Some studies have found that frequent media multitasking leads to structural changes in the brain that lead to reduced attention, regulation, and decision making.
We also know that high levels of simultaneous media use predicts reductions in cognitive control abilities over time. Cognitive control includes being able to inhibit impulsive behaviors, switch tasks efficiently, and maintain focus. This means that media multitasking may have long-term consequences for the development of executive functions in children and teenagers. Screen time in general can negatively impact focus and attention, so this added multitasking issue is even more problematic.
What can parents do to reduce media multitasking for kids?
As parents, there are several strategies you can use to reduce this type of multitasking, and promote healthier media habits for your children:
1. Establish media guidelines
Set clear and consistent rules regarding media usage. Define specific time limits for media activities, and ensure that they do not interfere with essential tasks such as homework, meals, or sleep. Designate areas where devices are stored when not in use, as this reduces the number of screens a child has available at one time. Use a parental control tool, such as Qustodio, to help set and enforce the rules and boundaries you decide on with your children.
2. Designate media-free zones and times
Create designated areas or periods in your home where media devices are not allowed, such as bedrooms or during family meals. Avoid leaving the television on as background noise. Encourage focused engagement in activities without distractions from screens. This helps strengthen cognitive control, focus, and the brain’s ability to maintain attention for longer periods of time.
3. Encourage mindfulness and single-tasking
Create opportunities for your child to engage in activities that require their full attention, such as reading a book, playing a musical instrument, or participating in a sport. Putting devices in another location while doing these activities helps develop concentration skills and reduce the tendency to multitask. Spotlight times when you notice them using multiple forms of media at once, and talk about how to reduce that behavior in the moment.
4. Be a role model
Children often imitate their parents’ behavior! Be mindful of your own media multitasking habits, and make an effort to model focused attention. When spending time with your child, put away your devices and give them your undivided attention. This sets a positive example and reinforces the importance of being present.
By implementing these tips, you can help your child develop healthier media habits, improve their focus and attention span, and promote a balanced approach to technology use.
